Neutrophilic infiltration in lungs of mice with peritonitis in acid or basic medium.

BACKGROUND Bacterial peritonitis is associated with systemic complications such as pneumonia. OBJECTIVE To determine in an experimental model of peritonitis whether the pH of peritoneal fluid infection influences the influx of neutrophils into the lung, and whether treatment outcome would be similar in peritonitis with liquid at any pH. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 48 mice with peritonitis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. The animals were distributed randomly into three groups: the first one had an injection into the peritoneal cavity with saline, pH 7.0; the second group was injected with saline, pH 8.0; and the third group with saline, pH 3.0. After 2 hours, half the animals in each group was treated by washing the abdominal cavity with warm saline solution and administration of ceftriaxone every 12 hours, and half of each group was killed by anesthetic overdose, and lung biopsy was done. The animals kept in treatment were killed 24 hours after treatment, and lung biopsy was also performed. The samples were stained with H&E and the number of neutrophils in 20 areas was checked. The mean number of cells in each group was compared between groups and with an untreated one. RESULTS The group with peritonitis associated with alkaline solution showed a higher population of neutrophils during untreated peritonitis (P = 0.04). The response to treatment by lavage of the peritoneal cavity and antibiotics was more effective in reducing the population of neutrophils in the group with peritonitis at pH 8.0, unlike that observed in animals with peritonitis at pH 3.0 (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Peritonitis associated with lower pH solution, despite the lower influx of leukocytes in the first two hours after installation of peritonitis, was not able to reduce the population of these cells in mice's lung in response to standard therapy.